Intro
.NET 6 会引入一个 Http logging 的中间件,可以用来帮助我们比较方便记录请求和响应的信息
Sample
废话不多说,直接来看示例吧
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args); builder.Services.AddControllers(); var app = builder.Build(); app.UseHttpLogging(); app.MapControllers(); app.Run();
dotnet run
运行起来项目,然后访问一个接口就可以看到打印出来的 Http logging 的日志了
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[1] Request: Protocol: HTTP/1.1 Method: GET Scheme: http PathBase: Path: /weatherforecast Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9 Connection: keep-alive Host: localhost:5084 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.54 Safari/537.36 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7 Cache-Control: [Redacted] Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: [Redacted] sec-ch-ua: [Redacted] sec-ch-ua-mobile: [Redacted] sec-ch-ua-platform: [Redacted] Sec-Fetch-Site: [Redacted] Sec-Fetch-Mode: [Redacted] Sec-Fetch-User: [Redacted] Sec-Fetch-Dest: [Redacted] info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[2] Response: StatusCode: 200 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 Date: [Redacted] Server: [Redacted] Transfer-Encoding: chunked
默认地,HttpLoggingMiddleware
会记录请求的基本信息(请求地址,协议版本)和请求头信息以及响应状态和响应头信息,对于不在默认列表里的请求头和响应头,值会显示为 [Redacted]
,如果需要记录这个请求头/响应头的值则需要配置 HttpLoggingOptions
,可以在注册服务的时候进行配置,配置示例如下:
builder.Services.AddHttpLogging(options => { options.RequestHeaders.Add("Cache-Control"); options.ResponseHeaders.Add("Server"); });
修改之后,重新启动并请求我们的服务,日志输出如下:
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[1] Request: Protocol: HTTP/1.1 Method: GET Scheme: http PathBase: Path: /weatherforecast Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9 Connection: keep-alive Host: localhost:5084 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.54 Safari/537.36 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7 Cache-Control: max-age=0 Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: [Redacted] sec-ch-ua: [Redacted] sec-ch-ua-mobile: [Redacted] sec-ch-ua-platform: [Redacted] Sec-Fetch-Site: [Redacted] Sec-Fetch-Mode: [Redacted] Sec-Fetch-User: [Redacted] Sec-Fetch-Dest: [Redacted] info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[2] Response: StatusCode: 200 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 Date: [Redacted] Server: Kestrel Transfer-Encoding: chunked
注意看一下请求头里的 Cache-Control
和响应头里的 Server
,原来都是 [Redacted]
,配置之后就显示正确的值了,如果你要记录自定义的请求头信息,也是类似的配置
接着我们来配置一下记录请求信息和响应信息,可以配置 HttpLoggingOptions
中的 LoggingFields
来指定需要记录哪些信息
builder.Services.AddHttpLogging(options => { options.LoggingFields = Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingFields.All; options.RequestHeaders.Add("Cache-Control"); options.ResponseHeaders.Add("Server"); });
在上面的基础上增加 LoggingFields
的配置,这里直接配置上所有的信息,此时再来重新请求,查看日志如下:
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[1] Request: Protocol: HTTP/1.1 Method: GET Scheme: http PathBase: Path: /weatherforecast Host: localhost:5084 User-Agent: dotnet-HTTPie/0.1.1 info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[2] Response: StatusCode: 200 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[4] ResponseBody: [{"date":"2021-09-25T23:40:11.0164783+08:00","temperatureC":37,"temperatureF":98,"summary":"Cool"},{"date":"2021-09-26T23:40:11.0164836+08:00","temperatureC":50,"temperatureF":121,"summary":"Warm"},{"date":"2021-09-27T23:40:11.0164838+08:00","temperatureC":-7,"temperatureF":20,"summary":"Scorching"},{"date":"2021-09-28T23:40:11.016484+08:00","temperatureC":39,"temperatureF":102,"summary":"Freezing"},{"date":"2021-09-29T23:40:11.0164842+08:00","temperatureC":4,"temperatureF":39,"summary":"Balmy"}]
可以看到此时的 response body 也记录下来了
我们再来增加一个 POST 的 API 来验证一下 RequestBody 是不是可以正常记录
[HttpPost] public IActionResult Post(System.Text.Json.JsonElement element) => Ok(element);
使用 dotnet-httpie 执行 http :5084/weatherforecast name=test
请求一下 API,输出日志如下:
info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[1] Request: Protocol: HTTP/1.1 Method: POST Scheme: http PathBase: Path: /weatherforecast Host: localhost:5084 User-Agent: dotnet-HTTPie/0.1.1 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 Content-Length: 15 info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[3] RequestBody: {"name":"test"} info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[2] Response: StatusCode: 200 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 info: Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpLogging.HttpLoggingMiddleware[4] ResponseBody: {"name":"test"}
More
仔细看上面的示例的话会发现一个问题,当要记录 ResponseBody 的时候,Response header 的信息没有被完全记录下来,感觉像是一个 BUG,提了一个 issue 还没回复,感兴趣的可以参考:<https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/issues/36920>
另外感觉这个中间件的日志级别都是 Information 级别的,如果可以根据响应状态来动态配置日志级别就好了,比如说响应状态码大于等于 500 的时候,日志级别记录为 ERROR
, 这样就可以有效地去除很多不必要的日志了,提了一个简陋的 PR,有兴趣的可以参考:https://github.com/dotnet/aspnetcore/pull/36873
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持阿兔在线工具。