本文实例讲述了AJAX对服务器返回XML的处理方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:
在AJAX 中,服务器端如果返回的XML 文档,则可以通过异步对象的responseXML 属性来获取器XML 数据。而开发者可以利用DOM 的相关方法对其进行处理。
假设服务器返回的XML 文档,如下所示:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?> <list> <caption>Member List</caption> <member> <name>isaac</name> <class>W13</class> <birth>Jun 24th</birth> <constell>Cancer</constell> <mobile>1118159</mobile> </member> <member> <name>fresheggs</name> <class>W610</class> <birth>Nov 5th</birth> <constell>Scorpio</constell> <mobile>1038818</mobile> </member> <member> <name>girlwing</name> <class>W210</class> <birth>Sep 16th</birth> <constell>Virgo</constell> <mobile>1307994</mobile> </member> <member> <name>tastestory</name> <class>W15</class> <birth>Nov 29th</birth> <constell>Sagittarius</constell> <mobile>1095245</mobile> </member> <member> <name>lovehate</name> <class>W47</class> <birth>Sep 5th</birth> <constell>Virgo</constell> <mobile>6098017</mobile> </member> <member> <name>slepox</name> <class>W19</class> <birth>Nov 18th</birth> <constell>Scorpio</constell> <mobile>0658635</mobile> </member> <member> <name>smartlau</name> <class>W19</class> <birth>Dec 30th</birth> <constell>Capricorn</constell> <mobile>0006621</mobile> </member> <member> <name>tuonene</name> <class>W210</class> <birth>Nov 26th</birth> <constell>Sagittarius</constell> <mobile>0091704</mobile> </member> <member> <name>dovecho</name> <class>W19</class> <birth>Dec 9th</birth> <constell>Sagittarius</constell> <mobile>1892013</mobile> </member> <member> <name>shanghen</name> <class>W42</class> <birth>May 24th</birth> <constell>Gemini</constell> <mobile>1544254</mobile> </member> <member> <name>venessawj</name> <class>W45</class> <birth>Apr 1st</birth> <constell>Aries</constell> <mobile>1523753</mobile> </member> <member> <name>lightyear</name> <class>W311</class> <birth>Mar 23th</birth> <constell>Aries</constell> <mobile>1002908</mobile> </member> </list>
客户端获得服务器端的该XML 数据,并将其显示在表格中。代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>responseXML</title> <style> <!-- .datalist{ border:1px solid #744011; /* 表格边框 */ font-family:Arial; border-collapse:collapse; /* 边框重叠 */ background-color:#ffd2aa; /* 表格背景色 */ font-size:14px; } .datalist th{ border:1px solid #744011; /* 行名称边框 */ background-color:#a16128; /* 行名称背景色 */ color:#FFFFFF; /* 行名称颜色 */ font-weight:bold; padding-top:4px; padding-bottom:4px; padding-left:12px; padding-right:12px; text-align:center; } .datalist td{ border:1px solid #744011; /* 单元格边框 */ text-align:left; padding-top:4px; padding-bottom:4px; padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px; } .datalist tr:hover, .datalist tr.altrow{ background-color:#dca06b; /* 动态变色 */ } input{ /* 按钮的样式 */ border:1px solid #744011; color:#744011; } --> </style> <script language="javascript"> var xmlHttp; function createXMLHttpRequest(){ if(window.ActiveXObject) xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp"); else if(window.XMLHttpRequest) xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); } function getXML(addressXML){ var url = addressXML + "?timestamp=" + new Date(); createXMLHttpRequest(); xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange; xmlHttp.open("GET",url); xmlHttp.send(null); } function addTableRow(sName, sClass, sBirth, sConstell, sMobile){ //表格添加一行的相关操作,可参看7.2.1节 var oTable = document.getElementById("member"); var oTr = oTable.insertRow(oTable.rows.length); var aText = new Array(); aText[0] = document.createTextNode(sName); aText[1] = document.createTextNode(sClass); aText[2] = document.createTextNode(sBirth); aText[3] = document.createTextNode(sConstell); aText[4] = document.createTextNode(sMobile); for(var i=0;i<aText.length;i++){ var oTd = oTr.insertCell(i); oTd.appendChild(aText[i]); } } function DrawTable(myXML){ //用DOM方法操作XML文档 var oMembers = myXML.getElementsByTagName("member"); var oMember = "", sName = "", sClass = "", sBirth = "", sConstell = "", sMobile = ""; for(var i=0;i<oMembers.length;i++){ oMember = oMembers[i]; sName = oMember.getElementsByTagName("name")[0].firstChild.nodeValue; sClass = oMember.getElementsByTagName("class")[0].firstChild.nodeValue; sBirth = oMember.getElementsByTagName("birth")[0].firstChild.nodeValue; sConstell = oMember.getElementsByTagName("constell")[0].firstChild.nodeValue; sMobile = oMember.getElementsByTagName("mobile")[0].firstChild.nodeValue; //添加一行 addTableRow(sName, sClass, sBirth, sConstell, sMobile); } } function handleStateChange(){ if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200) DrawTable(xmlHttp.responseXML);//responseXML获取到XML文档 } </script> </head> <body> <input type="button" value="获取XML" onclick="getXML('9-4.xml');"><br><br> <table class="datalist" summary="list of members in EE Studay" id="member"> <tr> <th scope="col">Name</th> <th scope="col">Class</th> <th scope="col">Birthday</th> <th scope="col">Constellation</th> <th scope="col">Mobile</th> </tr> </table> </body> </html>
我们可以看到,在客户端获得XML 文件的代码如下:
<input type="button" value="获取XML" onclick="getXML('9-4.xml');">
也就是说,是直接取得XML 数据的。而实际开发中返回XML 数据的工作是通过服务器端(如:ASP.NET、JSP等)的代码动态生成的。换句话说,getXML('...') 中的文件地址应该是.aspx 或.jsp等动态页面的后缀。
使用jQuery 框架实现
如果在客户端使用jQuery 框架,实现AJAX 获得服务器端的XML数据。
代码如下:
<html> <head> <title> demo </title> <meta name="Author" content="xugang" /> <script language="javascript" src="https://www.atool.online/article/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function getXML(addressXML){ //使用jquery的ajax方法 $.ajax({ type:"GET", url:addressXML, dataType:"xml", //返回类型(区分大小写) success:function(myXML){ //each 遍历每个<member>标记 $(myXML).find("member").each( function(){ var oMember="",sName="",sClass="",sBirth="",sConstell="",sMobile=""; sName = $(this).find("name").text(); sClass = $(this).find("class").text(); sBirth = $(this).find("birth").text(); sConstell = $(this).find("constell").text(); sMobile = $(this).find("mobile").text(); //添加行 $("#member").append($("<tr><td>"+sName +"</td><td>" + sClass +"</td><td>" + sBirth +"</td><td>" + sConstell +"</td><td>" + sMobile +"</td></tr>")); } ) } }) } </script> </head> <body> <input type="button" value="获取XML" onclick="getXML('9-4.xml');"> <br/> <TABLE class="datalist" id="member"> <TR> <TH scope="col">Name</TH> <TH scope="col">Class</TH> <TH scope="col">Birthday</TH> <TH scope="col">Constellation</TH> <TH scope="col">Mobile</TH> </TR> </TABLE> </body> </html>
服务器端传递XML 数据的方式不变。
希望本文所述对大家的Ajax程序设计有所帮助。